Exploring Tuberculosis: A Deep Dive with Infectious Disease Expert Dr. Desmond Chih

In this episode of The Good GP, guest host Dr Catherine Bourke engages with Dr Desmond Chih, an esteemed infectious disease physician and microbiologist, in a comprehensive discussion about tuberculosis (TB). Dr Chih offers an in-depth exploration of the distinctions between latent and active tuberculosis, drawing from his extensive experience at Western Diagnostics Pathology, St John of God Hospital, and Royal Perth Hospital.

Focusing on the fundamental differences between latent TB, which involves a non-symptomatic infection contained by the immune system, and active TB, which is characterised by symptoms such as a prolonged cough, fevers, weight loss, and lymph node enlargement. Dr Chih elaborates on the diagnostic techniques, including the Tuberculin skin test and the QuantiFERON-TB Gold test, utilised to detect these conditions.

They then shift the discourse to the epidemiology of TB in Australia, discussing the incidence of active and latent TB predominantly among migrants and the crucial public health responses required. They also touch upon the global concerns related to TB, such as multidrug-resistant strains, and the implications these have on both treatment and containment strategies.

Addressing prevention strategies, particularly the importance of screening for latent TB in individuals who are about to undertake immunosuppressive therapies. The specialists responsible for prescribing these treatments are noted for their diligence in preemptive screenings to prevent the activation of latent TB infections.

Lastly, the conversation covers the management of active TB, reaffirming the use of the conventional four-drug regimen while also mentioning newer drug alternatives for resistant strains. Concluding with Dr Chih responding to listener questions about the risk factors and treatment options specific to various TB scenarios, providing a well-rounded perspective on managing this significant global health issue.

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